Now, city and state officials, who say the court ruling will not affect their plans, are asking a federal judge to hold hearings early this week to validate the bankruptcy and move forward with a strategy for Detroit to discharge much of its estimated $19 billion debt.
Orr has promised that retired city workers, police officers and firefighters will not see pensions or health benefits reduced for at least six months. But on Sunday, he said those retirement benefits will have to be cut down the road.
"There are going to be some adjustments," Orr said on "Fox News Sunday." ". . . We don't have a choice."
"This is a question of necessity," he added.
But the prospect of cuts has sent a deep wave of fear over Detroit's retirees, who like many in the city are skeptical of Orr, a corporate lawyer who previously worked in the District, and Snyder, a Republican unpopular in this deeply Democratic city.
"It's been a nightmare for all of us," said Shirley Lightsey, president of the Detroit Retired City Employees Association. "We don't have that many people with pensions big enough for anything to be taken away from them."
Of Detroit's overall debt, about half — $9.2 billion — represents pension and health benefits that the city has promised retirees but that it now says it does not have enough money to fully pay. The lion's share of the remaining debt is owed to bondholders.
Orr has discussed a range of steps the city could take to pay off its debts, and some have speculated that it could include selling Detroit's international airport and valuable collections from the Detroit Institute of Arts. For current workers, he has proposed stopping pension contributions and shifting employees to individual retirement savings accounts.
But no part of the bankruptcy process is stirring as many passions as the potential need to slice pensions and benefits for retirees. Small cities that have filed for bankruptcy protection in recent years have significantly cut retirees' benefits.
Harry Harper, who lives in northeast Detroit and retired in 2003 from the Detroit Water and Sewerage Department after 30 years of service, said talk of benefit cuts is making him very anxious.
"I feel very vulnerable. I don't feel we have any protection," said Harper, 61, who receives $2,100 a month in pension payments. "I thought that at 30 years, you earned a pension that was accrued and you did not have to have a concern about that."
Retirees such as Harper say that living in Detroit on a fixed pension is tough since public transit has been cut back and fuel prices have been going up. Michigan has among the highest gas prices in the country.
