Wiktionary - Recent changes [en]: 努力

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努力 Jun 28th 2013, 23:12, by Eirikr Revision as of 01:37, 20 November 2012 (edit) Tooironic (Talk | contribs) Latest revision as of 23:12, 28 June 2013 (edit) (undo) Line 5: Line 5:   {{ja-noun|k|hira=どりょく|rom=doryoku|hidx=とりょく'}}   {{ja-noun|k|hira=どりょく|rom=doryoku|hidx=とりょく'}}     − # an [[effort]]; an [[endeavor]] + # an [[effort]], an [[endeavor]]       ===Verb===   ===Verb===   {{ja-verb-suru|k|hira=どりょく|rom=doryoku|hidx=とりょく'}}   {{ja-verb-suru|k|hira=どりょく|rom=doryoku|hidx=とりょく'}}     − # [[endeavor]]; make an effort + # to [[endeavor]], to make an effort − #: {{usex|彼は試験に合格するために努力した。|tr=かれはしけんにごうかくするためにどりょくした。<br/>''Kare wa shiken ni gōkaku suru tame ni doryoku shita.''|t=He made an effort to pass the exam.|lang=ja}} + #: {{usex|lang=ja|彼は試験に合格するために'''努力した'''。|tr=かれはしけんにごうかくするために'''どりょくした'''。<br/>''Kare wa shiken ni gōkaku suru tame ni '''doryoku shita'''.''|t=He '''made an effort''' to pass the exam.}}       ====Conjugation====   ====Conjugation==== Latest revision as of 23:12, 28 June 2013 Contents 1 Japanese 2 Mandarin 2.1 Pronunciation 2.2 Adjective 2.3 Adverb 2.4 Verb 3 Min Nan 3.1 Pronunciation 3.2 Adverb 3.3 Verb 3.4 Related terms Japanese[edit] Kanji in this term 努 力 Noun[edit] 努力 (hiragana どりょく, romaji doryoku) an effort, an endeavor Verb[edit] 努力 + する (irregular conjugation, hiragana どりょくする, romaji doryoku suru)努力する 努力 suru to endeavor, to make an effort 彼は試験に合格するために努力した。 かれはしけんにごうかくするためにどりょくした。 Kare wa shiken ni gōkaku suru tame ni doryoku shita. He made an effort to pass the exam. Conjugation[edit] Conjugation of "努力する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.) Stem forms Imperfective (未然形) 努力し どりょくし doryoku shi Continuative (連用形) 努力し どりょくし doryoku shi Terminal (終止形) 努力する どりょくする doryoku suru Attributive (連体形) 努力する どりょくする doryoku suru Hypothetical (仮定形) 努力すれ どりょくすれ doryoku sure Imperative (命令形) 努力せよ¹ 努力しろ² どりょくせよ¹ どりょくしろ² doryoku seyo¹ doryoku shiro² Key constructions Passive 努力される どりょくされる doryoku sareru Causative 努力させる 努力さす どりょくさせる どりょくさす doryoku saseru doryoku sasu Potential 努力できる どりょくできる doryoku dekiru Volitional 努力しよう どりょくしよう doryoku shiyō Negative 努力しない どりょくしない doryoku shinai Negative continuative 努力せず どりょくせず doryoku sezu Formal 努力します どりょくします doryoku shimasu Perfective 努力した どりょくした doryoku shita Conjunctive 努力して どりょくして doryoku shite Hypothetical conditional 努力すれば どりょくすれば doryoku sureba ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative Mandarin[edit] Pronunciation[edit] audio (file) IPA: [ nu˨˩li˥˩ ] Adjective[edit] 努力 (traditional and simplified, Pinyin nǔlì) hard-working; diligent; industrious Synonyms[edit] kèkǔ 刻苦 nàiláo 耐勞 qínfèn 勤奮, 勤奋 qínláo 勤勞, 勤劳 qínmiǎn 勤勉 Adverb[edit] 努力 (traditional and simplified, Pinyin nǔlì) diligently Verb[edit] 努力 (traditional and simplified, Pinyin nǔlì) to strive; to endeavor; to work hard 要是現在不努力的話，將來會後悔的。 (trad.) 要是现在不努力的话，将来会后悔的。 (simp.) If you don't work hard now you'll regret it later on. Min Nan[edit] Pronunciation[edit] Adverb[edit] 努力 (traditional and simplified, POJ ló·-le̍k) diligently Verb[edit] 努力 (traditional and simplified, POJ ló·-le̍k) to strive Related terms[edit]

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