(AP)
NAYPYIDAW, Burma - U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton challenged the leaders of Burma on Thursday to continue and expand reforms. She offered the isolated country a small package of rewards for steps it has already taken but made clear that more must be done, including breaking military ties with North Korea.
She said the U.S. was ready to further improve relations with the civilian government in the Southeast Asian nation — also known as Myanmar — but only if it stays on the path of democratization. In a series of modest first steps, she announced that Washington would allow Burma's participation in a U.S.-backed grouping of Mekong River countries; no longer block enhanced cooperation between the country and the International Monetary Fund; and support intensified U.N. health, microfinance and counternarcotics programs.
On a historic visit, Clinton offered the country future incentives, including the prospect of upgraded diplomatic ties, in return for steps that include releasing political prisoners and ending ethnic violence with aggressive efforts at national reconciliation. (
Click the player at left for a report on Clinton's visit.)
"I came to assess whether the time is right for a new chapter in our shared history," Clinton told reporters after meeting Myanmar President Thein Sein and other senior government officials in the capital of Naypyidaw.
"The United States is prepared to walk the path of reform with you if you keep moving in the right direction," Clinton said. After decades of repressive military rule, she said President Obama was willing to explore improved and expanded ties "to reward reforms with steps to lessen (Burma's) isolation and improve the lives of its citizens."
In an ornate room at Naypidaw's grandiose presidential palace — a monstrous-sized building with 40-foot to 60-foot ceilings replete with gold gilt, giant teak doors and white marble floors that lies off an enormous but empty 20-lane highway — Thein Sein appeared eager to embrace the opening with the United States. He told Clinton her visit was a "historic milestone" that would "enhance relations and cooperation."
A senior U.S. official said Thein Sein had outlined his government's plans for reform in a 45-minute presentation in which he acknowledged that Burma lacked a recent tradition of democracy and openness. He asked for U.S. help in making the transition from military to full civilian rule, according to the official, who spoke on condition of anonymity to describe the private diplomatic exchange.
Clinton replied that she was visiting because the U.S. was "encouraged by the steps that you and your government have taken to provide for your people."
Yet, she also made clear that those steps must be consolidated and enlarged if the U.S. is to consider easing near-blanket economic sanctions that block almost all American commercial transactions with Myanmar.
"While measures already taken may be unprecedented and certainly welcome, they are just a beginning," she told reporters. She called for the release of political prisoners and an end to brutal ethnic violence that has ravaged the nation for decades.
Myanmar democracy icon Aung San Suu Kyi, right, leaves her National League for Democracy (NLD) headquarters, Nov. 30, 2011.
(Credit: AP)Clinton was meeting later Thursday with opposition leader and Nobel laureate Aung San Suu Kyi, a longtime political prisoner who has said she will run in upcoming elections.
Clinton also warned the country's leadership to break suspected military, nuclear and ballistic missile cooperation with North Korea that may violate U.N. sanctions.
"Better relations with the United States will only be possible if the entire government respects the international consensus against the spread of nuclear weapons ... and we support the government's stated intention to sever military ties with North Korea," she said. In his presentation, Thein Sein vowed that Myanmar would uphold its U.N. obligations with respect to North Korea, according to the senior U.S. official. He also told Clinton that Myanmar was actively considering signing a new agreement with the U.N. nuclear watchdog that would allow unfettered inspections of atomic sites in the country, the official said.
Recalling Obama's mention of "flickers of progress" in Myanmar when he announced that Clinton would visit the country, she urged the leadership not to allow them to "be stamped out."
"It will be up to the leaders and the people to fan flickers of progress into flames of freedom that light the path toward a better future," Clinton said. "That — and nothing less — is what it will take for us to turn a solitary visit into a lasting partnership."
Despite the historic nature of Clinton's visit, enthusiasm has been muted within Myanmar.
Chan Tun, a 91-year-old veteran politician and a retired ambassador to China, said: "This is a very critical visit because U.S. will understand Myanmar better through engagement. U.S. engagement will also help Myanmar's dependence on China."
But Clinton's presence has been overshadowed by the arrival Thursday of the prime minister of Belarus and his wife, to whom two large welcoming signs were erected at the airport and the road into the city. No such displays welcomed Clinton.
The Belarus prime minister made the front page of Thursday's edition of the government-run New Light of Myanmar newspaper. Clinton's visit was mentioned in a two-paragraph story on page 2.
Still, some in Myanmar welcomed the attention from the U.S. "I watched the arrival of Ms. Clinton on Myanmar TV last night," 35-year-old taxi driver Thein Zaw said. "I am very happy that Ms. Clinton is visiting our country because America knows our small country, whether it is good or bad."
